FISHIOLOGY

This Channa Marulioides was caught near Chenderoh Lake Perak, if you take a closer look this is not our local Marulioides, this has all traces of kalimantan. Could this be the first crossing of kalimantan and local variant? I think it is.  Will be a nightmare in future to ID marulioides.

I did a review on ready made head designed for DIY CO2 system. Ordered at Lazada costing RM72.00 inc postage. Took about 10 days shipped from China. I received the goods nicely packed, and they even include an instruction to produce CO2 with citric acid and sodium bicarbonate. I did not use that formula as I'm used to yeast and sugar formula. This time I ordered brewers yeast instead of the normal bread yeast, as I was told that brewers yeast will last longer as they can withstand alcohol. After mixing everything I waited for reaction and non could be seen. At first I suspect the diffuser was set too deep which need higher pressure. So I raised it to 6" below surface and waited another day. Next day still no bubbles could be seen, and I suspect a leak. I remove the diffuser and and put the hose in water and I would see bubbles coming out. So the mixture is good, no leaks but why is there no bubbles? I'm kinda puzzled. 3rd day I decided to add more yeast and af

I was really curious of how nature solved the ammonium spike, I've tried my best to duplicate swamp water with the extreme low PH and had ran into a snag. Ammonium spike! So again I've asked my collector for help to test the Terengganu swamp water for NH, NO2 and NO3.                               Shallow Area         Deep Area Ammonium                 1mg/1                 0.5mg/l Nitrite                          0mg/l                     0mg/l Nitrate                         0mg/l                   10mg/l  Shallow Test Deep area NO3 Deep area NO2 Deep Area NH3/4 Now this is interesting, I was expecting plans and trees would have absorb all the ammonium knowing that bacteria could not have survived in such harsh conditions but the reading is there, Ammonium is present in natural swamp water. Perhaps its the amount of decaying plant matter under water and the stagnant water that causes the ammonium spike. 

Marulioides keeping condition is really in the extreme range especially when we try to emulate the natural water condition as in the swamp. Swamp water is usually in the range of 3.5PH - 4.5PH in the dry season and around 5 - 6PH in the monsoon season. The ratio of fish and water volume in the swamp is much higher when compared to our enclosed aquarium and not forgetting they have large trees in the swamp to help tackle the nitrogen waste. As mentioned in my earlier post that when keeping marulioides in the range below PH4 everything remains stagnant including the poo. Bacteria seized to function in this range. Extreme low PH at 3.55 Fish waste will just remain as it is. I will need to increase the PH to around 4.5 by adding coral chip piece by piece to slowly increase to my target PH. And as the PH slowly increases you can see the poo slowly disappearing which indicate that the bacteria's are thriving again. Bacteria functions fine at PH above 6, anywhere l

This is the black tank pc from the first batch of wide bar type. CO2 was injected into tank last month and progressing.

This is the 4th pc from the second batch of multiple thin line type. This pc was kept in CO2 for a month and then seperated into its own tank. T5 low out put and PH4.5